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What was Richard Feynman’s IQ?
The most important number on this site — because it is real, and it is 125.

Richard Feynman’s Los Alamos National Laboratory identification badge photograph, taken during the Second World War
Richard Feynman1918 – 1988 · Theoretical physics

Feynman’s school IQ was recorded as 125. He then won a Nobel Prize in Physics. Almost every other page on this site is an argument about a number that was never measured; this one is an argument about a number that was.

Our estimate125–150
MethodTest-anchored estimate
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Last reviewed August 2026
Our estimate

Richard Feynman’s estimated IQ

IQ Metrics estimate125–150Test-anchored estimate (school record)
What the estimate rests on
  • A school IQ of 125 is on record, reported in James Gleick’s biography and repeated by Feynman himself as a fact he found funny.
  • Won the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition in 1939 with a margin the graders described as extraordinary.
  • Scored perfect marks on the physics and mathematics sections of the Princeton graduate entrance examinations — and poor marks on the history and English sections of the same sitting.
  • Nobel Prize in Physics, 1965, shared with Julian Schwinger and Shin’ichirō Tomonaga, for quantum electrodynamics.

The lower bound is a real administered result and the upper bound is not. We widen the range upward because the Putnam and Princeton results are themselves test data, and they point much higher than 125 in the specific domain Feynman worked in. A reader who thinks the honest answer is simply “125, and the test was measuring something else” is not obviously wrong.

At a glance
Born
11 May 1918, New York City
Died
15 February 1988, Los Angeles
Field
Theoretical physics
Education
BS, MIT (1939); PhD, Princeton (1942)
Known for
Quantum electrodynamics; Feynman diagrams
School IQ
125, on record
Context

What an IQ of 125–150 actually means

Set the claim aside for a moment. If someone genuinely scored in this range, here is what that would represent.

Where a figure of 125 would sitOn the standard scale (mean 100, SD 15). This marks the claimed figure — it is not a measured result.
125
Below averageLow averageAverageAbove averageGiftedHighly gifted

Average is 100 by construction, and about two-thirds of people fall between 85 and 115. Take the test to place your own score on this scale.

Standard scale, mean 100, standard deviation 15
Score rangeClassificationShare of peopleWhat it indicates
85 – 114Average~68%The range most people fall into.
115 – 129Above average~13.6%Roughly one person in seven.
130 – 144Gifted~2%The threshold most high-IQ societies use.
Above 144Highly gifted~0.1%Figures above this range are extrapolated from the curve rather than measured.

Percentages are approximate and describe a normal distribution. The same number means different things on tests with different standard deviations.

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Background

Who Richard Feynman was

Richard Feynman was born in New York in 1918 and grew up in Far Rockaway, taught largely by a father who asked him what things meant rather than what they were called. He took his undergraduate degree at MIT and his doctorate at Princeton in 1942.

He worked at Los Alamos on the Manhattan Project in his twenties — the badge photograph above is from that period — and afterwards held chairs at Cornell and Caltech. His reformulation of quantum electrodynamics, and the diagrams that carry his name, are now standard equipment in particle physics.

He was also a famously good teacher, a safecracker, a bongo player and, in 1986, the member of the Rogers Commission who demonstrated on television why the Challenger’s O-rings had failed, using a glass of iced water. None of that is what a 125 predicts, and that is the point.

Record

Richard Feynman: the documented record

The estimate above rests on this record. Every entry here is a matter of public fact, which is more than can be said for the number itself.

  1. 1918Born in New York City.
  2. 1935School IQ recorded as 125.
  3. 1939Graduates from MIT; wins the Putnam competition.
  4. 1942Completes his doctorate at Princeton.
  5. 1943Joins the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos.
  6. 1965Shares the Nobel Prize in Physics for quantum electrodynamics.
  7. 1986Serves on the Rogers Commission into the Challenger disaster.
  8. 1988Dies in Los Angeles.
Where it came from

Where the 125 figure came from

Following a claim back to its first appearance is the part almost nobody does — and it is what most people are actually asking.

Richard Feynman’s Los Alamos National Laboratory identification badge photograph, taken during the Second World War
125School IQ, on record

The 125 comes from Feynman’s school records and reached general circulation through James Gleick’s 1992 biography Genius. Feynman did not hide it. By several accounts he enjoyed it, and he used it to needle people who took the measure seriously.

The story usually told alongside it is that he was invited to join Mensa and declined on the grounds that his IQ was too low. We could not locate a primary source for that anecdote and list it below as unverified, which is a shame, because it is a good story and it is entirely in character.

What makes this page matter is the direction of the error. Everywhere else in this section, a documented record sits below an inflated claim, and we spend the page explaining why the claim is unsupported. Here the documented record is public, uncontested, and people inflate it anyway — because 125 does not match what they believe a Nobel Prize requires. The belief is the thing that is wrong, not the score. A test built to predict school performance in the 1930s predicted school performance. It was never designed to find the person who would rebuild a field, and it did not.

How we read a number
SecondaryGleick, J. (1992). Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. Pantheon.

The standard biography and the source through which the 125 reached general circulation.

PrimaryWilliam Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition, 1939 — Putnam Fellow

Published competition result. The strongest contemporaneous evidence of mathematical ability, and it points far above 125.

PrimaryNobel Prize in Physics, 1965 (with Schwinger and Tomonaga)

Nobel Foundation record, publicly archived.

PrimaryFeynman, R. P. (1985). Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman! W. W. Norton.

First-person and deliberately unreliable in places — Feynman was a storyteller — but the source of his own account of the Princeton entrance results.

AbsenceThe Mensa refusal anecdote

Primary source pending; not located.

Widely repeated in the form that he declined membership because his IQ was too low. We have found no original document and do not treat it as established.

The evidence

The sources behind our estimate

The figures that circulate for Richard Feynman, what we were able to confirm, and where the two diverge.

Most widely cited125

Two opposite claims circulate. One repeats the 125 as a curiosity. The other inflates him to 180 or 190 on the reasoning that a Nobel laureate must score there.

What we foundA real score, and it is 125

The 125 is the documented figure, and the inflated ones are invented. This is the reverse of nearly every other entry on this site, and it is the most useful fact the section contains. A school test administered to a boy in Far Rockaway returned 125 — comfortably above average, nowhere near the range people associate with genius — and that boy went on to reformulate quantum electrodynamics. The test was not broken. It was measuring a narrower thing than its reputation suggests.

Also published elsewhere
125180190

Here the lowest number is the true one. When a documented score disappoints, the internet does not correct the belief; it replaces the score.

Want a number that does hold up? Every figure on this page is somebody’s claim. Take the 30-question test and get a percentile you can check rather than a figure you have to trust.

Questions

Richard Feynman — frequently asked

What was Richard Feynman’s IQ?

125, recorded on a school test — and unlike almost every figure on this site, that one is documented. He won a Nobel Prize in Physics twenty-six years later.

How can a Nobel laureate have an IQ of 125?

Because IQ tests measure a narrower band of ability than their reputation suggests. A 1930s school test predicted school performance; it was not built to identify the person who would reformulate quantum electrodynamics, and it did not.

Was Feynman’s IQ really only 125?

It is the only administered result on record, reported in James Gleick’s biography. Figures of 180 or 190 that appear on aggregator sites are invented — they exist because 125 does not match what people expect of a Nobel Prize.

Did Feynman refuse to join Mensa?

The story is widely repeated in the form that he declined because his IQ was too low. We have not found a primary source for it and do not treat it as established.

What did Feynman score on the Princeton entrance exam?

Perfect marks in physics and mathematics, and poor marks in history and English at the same sitting — a useful illustration that a single number averages away a very uneven profile.

How does Feynman compare with Einstein on this site?

Einstein has no test on record at all, so his range is inferred from his published work. Feynman is the opposite case: a real score that is lower than his achievements would lead anyone to guess.

How does my IQ compare with Richard Feynman?

You can find out in about fifteen minutes. The IQ Metrics assessment is 30 questions, scored on the same 100-mean scale used throughout this page, so your result and the estimate above are at least expressed in the same units — one measured, one inferred. Once you have a number, the leaderboard shows where it would sit, and how we score and norm it explains the benchmarking.

Where does this estimate come from?

From the documented record rather than a test — the method is named above and set out in full under how we read a number. Compare it against the other scientists profiles, starting with Albert Einstein.

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Portrait © Matthew Yohe, CC BY-SA 3.0. The background-removed portrait above is a derivative work and is likewise offered under the same licence. · Portrait © Debbie Rowe / The Royal Society, CC BY-SA 3.0. The background-removed portrait above is a derivative work and is likewise offered under the same licence. · Portrait by Christopher Smith, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services — a work of the U.S. federal government, public domain. Background removed for the portrait above.

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