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What was Alan Turing’s IQ?
A real genius, and a number nobody administered.

Alan Turing, studio portrait
Alan Turing1912 – 1954 · Mathematics, computer science

Turing never sat an IQ test — the concept barely existed in a usable form during his schooling, and no test was ever administered to him as an adult. The 185 attached to his name online was grafted onto a real, numberless quote about him decades after his death.

Our estimate160–180
MethodAcademic record
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Last reviewed August 2026
Our estimate

Alan Turing’s estimated IQ

IQ Metrics estimate160–180Academic record (completed doctorate)
What the estimate rests on
  • Cambridge Wrangler with distinction in the Mathematical Tripos, King’s College, 1934; elected a Fellow of King’s in 1935 for independently re-proving the Central Limit Theorem.
  • PhD, Princeton University, 1938, under Alonzo Church, introducing the concept later named the Turing machine in his 1936 paper “On Computable Numbers.”
  • Led Hut 8 at Bletchley Park from 1939, co-designing the Bombe that broke German naval Enigma traffic, then published the founding paper of the field now called AI, “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” (1950).

This is one of the strongest achievement records on this site, but it remains an inference from output, not a score. No test exists to anchor a range this specific; the number reflects the weight of the record, not a measurement of it.

At a glance
Born
23 June 1912, Maida Vale, London
Died
7 June 1954, Wilmslow, Cheshire
Field
Mathematics, cryptanalysis, computer science
Education
King’s College, Cambridge (1934); PhD, Princeton University (1938)
Known for
Turing machine, Bletchley Park codebreaking, the Turing Test
Canonical IQ
No test on record
Context

What an IQ of 160–180 actually means

Set the claim aside for a moment. If someone genuinely scored in this range, here is what that would represent.

Where a figure of 185 would sitOn the standard scale (mean 100, SD 15). This marks the claimed figure — it is not a measured result.
185
Below averageLow averageAverageAbove averageGiftedHighly gifted

Average is 100 by construction, and about two-thirds of people fall between 85 and 115. Take the test to place your own score on this scale.

Standard scale, mean 100, standard deviation 15
Score rangeClassificationShare of peopleWhat it indicates
85 – 114Average~68%The range most people fall into.
115 – 129Above average~13.6%Roughly one person in seven.
130 – 144Gifted~2%The threshold most high-IQ societies use.
Above 144Highly gifted~0.1%Figures above this range are extrapolated from the curve rather than measured.

Percentages are approximate and describe a normal distribution. The same number means different things on tests with different standard deviations.

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Background

Who Alan Turing was

Alan Turing was born in London in 1912 and educated at Sherborne School before entering King’s College, Cambridge, in 1931. He graduated a Wrangler with distinction in 1934 and was elected a Fellow the following year. He completed a PhD at Princeton under Alonzo Church in 1938, then returned to Britain.

From September 1939 he worked at the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, leading Hut 8’s work against German naval Enigma traffic and co-designing the Bombe, an electromechanical device that dramatically sped up codebreaking. After the war he worked on early computer design at the National Physical Laboratory and the University of Manchester, and in 1950 published “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” proposing what is now called the Turing Test.

In 1952 he was convicted of gross indecency under British law for a relationship with a man, accepted chemical castration in lieu of prison, and lost his security clearance. He died in 1954. He received a posthumous royal pardon in 2013.

Record

Alan Turing: the documented record

The estimate above rests on this record. Every entry here is a matter of public fact, which is more than can be said for the number itself.

  1. 1931Enters King’s College, Cambridge.
  2. 1934Graduates a Wrangler with distinction in the Mathematical Tripos.
  3. 1936Publishes “On Computable Numbers,” introducing the Turing machine.
  4. 1938Completes his PhD at Princeton under Alonzo Church.
  5. 1939Joins Bletchley Park; leads Hut 8’s work against naval Enigma.
  6. 1950Publishes “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” in Mind.
  7. 1952Convicted of gross indecency; loses his security clearance.
  8. 1954Dies at his home in Wilmslow.
Where it came from

Where the 185 figure came from

Following a claim back to its first appearance is the part almost nobody does — and it is what most people are actually asking.

Alan Turing, studio portrait
1936“On Computable Numbers” published

The number usually attached to Turing has a traceable origin, which is unusual on this site — most inflated figures have none at all. Sara Turing’s 1959 biography of her son records his primary-school headmistress telling her, on his departure, “I have had clever boys and hard-working boys, but Alan is a genius.” No number appears anywhere in that account. Later web copies of the same quote insert one: “With an IQ of 185, the odds are he’ll make some original contribution to whatever he goes into.” Standardized IQ testing barely existed in 1918–21 Britain, and no source attributes this figure to a document, a letter or a test. The likeliest explanation is that a real, numberless quote was embellished with an invented figure at some later point in its retelling online.

A second number, “170+,” is sometimes gestured at as a historiometric estimate, in the tradition of Albert Einstein or the Cox 1926 study that anchors several other pages here. No named study individually scores Turing — Cox’s 1926 sample was limited to historical figures born before 1850, decades before Turing’s birth. That figure has no traceable origin either.

Set against J. Robert Oppenheimer, another wartime scientific achievement measured by outcome rather than test: Turing’s codebreaking work is credited with shortening the war, and his 1936 and 1950 papers independently founded two fields. The achievement record here needs no invented number to make its case, which is exactly why it is disappointing that one got attached to it anyway.

How we read a number
PrimaryTuring, A. M. (1936). “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem.” Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2/42.

Introduces the concept later called the Turing machine.

PrimaryTuring, A. M. (1950). “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” Mind, 59(236), 433–460.

Proposes the Turing Test; founding paper of the field now called artificial intelligence.

InstitutionalPrinceton University Graduate School records; GCHQ’s own historical profile of Turing

Confirm the 1938 PhD under Alonzo Church, and the Bletchley Park and Hut 8 record respectively.

SecondaryTuring, Sara (1959). Alan M. Turing. Cambridge University Press (2012 centenary edition).

Source of the headmistress’s “genius” remark — with no number attached.

Aggregator“IQ of 185” and “170+” figures on IQ-comparison sites

First-appearance date of the embellished quote pending audit.

No source cites Sara Turing’s book, a school record or a named study for either number.

AbsenceNo IQ test administered in Turing’s lifetime

Confirmed across every biographical source consulted.

Questions

Alan Turing — frequently asked

What was Alan Turing’s IQ?

No test was ever administered to him. The “185” figure quoted online was added, at some later point, to a real but numberless quote from his mother’s 1959 biography.

Where does the 185 IQ figure for Turing come from?

Sara Turing’s biography records his headmistress calling him a “genius” with no number attached. Later web copies of the quote insert “185” with no citation to any test or document.

Did Alan Turing ever take an IQ test?

No standardized IQ test of Turing has ever been documented, in childhood or as an adult.

What did Alan Turing actually achieve?

A Cambridge Wrangler distinction, a Princeton PhD, the theoretical paper that founded computer science (1936), leadership of Bletchley Park’s Hut 8 against naval Enigma, and the 1950 paper that founded the field now called artificial intelligence.

Why estimate an IQ range if no test exists?

Because the question is heavily searched and the answers online are invented. Our range reflects the weight of a documented academic and wartime record, not a measurement.

How does Turing compare to other scientists on this site?

Set against Oppenheimer, a comparable wartime-achievement case: both are measured by outcome rather than test, and neither needed an invented number to make the case for how capable they were.

How does my IQ compare with Alan Turing?

You can find out in about fifteen minutes. The IQ Metrics assessment is 30 questions, scored on the same 100-mean scale used throughout this page, so your result and the estimate above are at least expressed in the same units — one measured, one inferred. Once you have a number, the leaderboard shows where it would sit, and how we score and norm it explains the benchmarking.

Where does this estimate come from?

From the documented record rather than a test — the method is named above and set out in full under how we read a number. Compare it against the other scientists profiles, starting with Albert Einstein.

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Portrait © Matthew Yohe, CC BY-SA 3.0. The background-removed portrait above is a derivative work and is likewise offered under the same licence. · Portrait © Debbie Rowe / The Royal Society, CC BY-SA 3.0. The background-removed portrait above is a derivative work and is likewise offered under the same licence. · Portrait by Christopher Smith, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services — a work of the U.S. federal government, public domain. Background removed for the portrait above.

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