Category

IQ scores of
writers.

Novelists, essayists and philosophers, and the figures that get retrofitted onto their reputations.

In this category

32 profiles

Each entry opens onto the full story behind the figure.

Voltaire, portrait from the workshop of Nicolas de Largillière
Writers

Voltaire

190Most-cited figure
Portrait of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe by Joseph Karl Stieler, 1828
Writers

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

210Most-cited figure
Isaac Asimov photographed in the 1950s
Writers

Isaac Asimov

160Most-cited figure
The Chandos portrait of William Shakespeare, attributed to John Taylor
Writers

William Shakespeare

210Most-cited figure
Mark Twain, photographed in 1907
Writers

Mark Twain

170Most-cited figure
Edgar Allan Poe photographed in 1849, the year of his death
Writers

Edgar Allan Poe

145Most-cited figure
Oscar Wilde, photographed by Napoleon Sarony, 1882
Writers

Oscar Wilde

140–155Estimated range
Ernest Hemingway, photographed by Lloyd Arnold
Writers

Ernest Hemingway

140Most-cited figure
George Orwell, press photograph from 1943
Writers

George Orwell

170Most-cited figure
Bertrand Russell at home, 1954
Writers

Bertrand Russell

180Most-cited figure
Victor Hugo, photographed by Étienne Carjat, 1876
Writers

Victor Hugo

180Most-cited figure
William James Sidis, photographed in 1914
Writers

William James Sidis

250–300Most-cited figure
Franz Kafka, photographed in 1923
Writers

Franz Kafka

130–145Our estimate
Christopher Langan photographed in 2017
Writers

Christopher Langan

195Most-cited figure
Friedrich Nietzsche photographed around 1875
Writers

Friedrich Nietzsche

144–190Circulating estimates
Yuval Noah Harari at the 2024 Frankfurt Book Fair
Writers

Yuval Noah Harari

130–145Our estimate
Portrait of Fyodor Dostoevsky by Vasily Perov, 1872
Writers

Fyodor Dostoevsky

180Most-cited figure
Nassim Nicholas Taleb speaking at Tech@State: Moneyball Diplomacy, Washington DC, June 2013
Writers

Nassim Nicholas Taleb

145–160Our estimate
Sam Harris photographed by Christopher Michel, March 18, 2016
Writers

Sam Harris

150Circulating estimate
Stephen King at the Toronto International Film Festival, September 6, 2024
Writers

Stephen King

136Circulating estimate
Sigmund Freud photographed by Max Halberstadt around 1921
Writers

Sigmund Freud

156–185Circulating estimates
J. R. R. Tolkien photographed around 1925, on leaving the University of Leeds
Writers

J.R.R. Tolkien

150–165Our estimate
Ben Shapiro speaking at AmericaFest in Phoenix, Arizona, in December 2024
Writers

Ben Shapiro

140Most-cited figure
Ted Kaczynski as a young assistant professor of mathematics, smiling faintly in a gray jacket, light shirt and green tie, outdoors at the University of California, Berkeley, in June 1968
Writers

Ted Kaczynski

167Most-cited figure
Black-and-white newspaper portrait of Sylvia Plath smiling, with dark wavy hair, a dark top and a beaded necklace, published in 1953
Writers

Sylvia Plath

160Most-cited figure
Albert Camus with dark swept-back hair in a checked tweed jacket and tie, leaning forward on a desk and looking at the camera in a 1957 black-and-white press photograph
Writers

Albert Camus

155Circulating estimate
Oil portrait of Immanuel Kant in a powdered wig and a brown coat, holding a book, painted by Johann Gottlieb Becker in 1768
Writers

Immanuel Kant

145–175Circulating estimates
Christopher Hitchens with swept-back brown hair in a gray-green jacket and dark open-collared shirt, looking at the camera in January 2004
Writers

Christopher Hitchens

155Circulating estimate
George R. R. Martin in a black captain’s cap and glasses, with a white beard and a paisley-patterned vest, smiling mid-sentence in August 2025
Writers

George R. R. Martin

130–150Our estimate
Truman Capote in round wire-rimmed glasses and a knitted cap, looking at the camera in a black-and-white photograph from March 1968
Writers

Truman Capote

215Most-cited figure
Haruki Murakami in a dark suit, blue shirt and striped tie, speaking at a podium in 2009
Writers

Haruki Murakami

125–145Our estimate
Malcolm Gladwell with curly reddish-brown hair in a brown jacket and a light-blue open-collared shirt, speaking on stage in November 2011
Writers

Malcolm Gladwell

125–145Our estimate

Portrait from the workshop of Nicolas de Largillière, public domain. · Portrait by Joseph Karl Stieler (1828), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Phillip Leonian for the New York World-Telegram & Sun (before 1959), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · The Chandos portrait, attributed to John Taylor (c. 1600–1610), public domain. · Photograph, 1907, via the Library of Congress (digital ID cph.3a08820), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Daguerreotype, c. 1849, photographer unknown; restored version, public domain. · Photograph by Napoleon Sarony (1882), Library of Congress, public domain. · Photograph by Lloyd Arnold, public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Press photograph by the Branch of the National Union of Journalists (1943), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph, 1954, via Wikimedia Commons, public domain. · Photograph by Étienne Carjat (1876), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph (1914), photographer unknown, via Wikimedia Commons, public domain. · Photograph by an unknown photographer (1923), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Gtl12345, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cropped and with background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Friedrich Hermann Hartmann (c. 1875), public domain. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Martin Kraft (Frankfurt Book Fair, October 2024), CC BY-SA 4.0. Background removed for the portrait above. · Portrait by Vasily Perov (1872), Tretyakov Gallery, via Wikimedia Commons, public domain. · Photograph by Joe Loong (Tech@State: Moneyball Diplomacy, June 2013), CC BY-SA 2.0. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Christopher Michel (March 18, 2016), CC BY-SA 4.0. Cropped from the original. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Kevin Payravi (Toronto International Film Festival, September 6, 2024), CC BY-SA 4.0. Cropped and with background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Max Halberstadt (c. 1921), public domain. Cropped and with background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by an unknown photo studio, from the Commons file (c. 1925–26), public domain in the UK (author unknown, term expired) and the US (published before 1928). Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Gage Skidmore (AmericaFest, Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Arizona, December 19, 2024), CC BY-SA 2.0. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by George Bergman (University of California, Berkeley, June 1968; Commons file), CC BY-SA 4.0, cropped from a larger picture. · Associated Press photograph published in The Boston Globe in 1953 (Commons file), cropped; public domain in the United States (copyright not renewed). · Photograph by United Press International (1957; New York World-Telegram and the Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection, Library of Congress; Commons file), cropped; public domain in the United States. Background removed for the portrait above. · Portrait of Immanuel Kant by Johann Gottlieb Becker (1768; Commons file), cropped; public domain (the artist died in 1782). · Photograph by Hugh Greentree (January 24, 2004; Commons file), CC BY-SA 3.0, cropped from a larger picture. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Gage Skidmore (August 23, 2025; Commons file), CC BY-SA 4.0, cropped from a larger picture. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Eric Koch for Anefo (March 14, 1968; Nationaal Archief; Commons file), CC0 public domain dedication, cropped. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Galoren.com (2009; Commons file), CC BY-SA 4.0, cropped from a larger picture. Background removed for the portrait above. · Photograph by Thomas Bonte (November 16, 2011; Commons file), CC BY 2.0, cropped from a larger picture. Background removed for the portrait above.

More profiles are on the way. A name joins this category once its figure has been traced and a properly licensed portrait is cleared.

How would you compare?

Get a measured score first — then the comparison actually means something. Thirty questions, instant result.

Start the test →
Questions

Writers IQ, asked and answered

How are IQ scores for writers estimated?

Not by testing anyone. Each figure on this page is inferred from the documented record — published work, contemporary accounts, verified qualifications — using a named method set out under how we read a number. Every profile shows its own workings.

Which of these writers has the highest IQ?

William James Sidis holds the highest estimate in this category at 170–200. That ordering comes from the midpoint of each range and it re-sorts itself as profiles are added, so treat it as a convenience rather than a verdict. The full leaderboard ranks every category together.

How many writers profiles are there?

32 so far, and the list grows as figures are traced and portraits licensed. Browse the rest of the section from all categories, or start at the Celebrity IQ hub.

How do I compare my own IQ with these writers?

Get a measured number first. The IQ Metrics assessment is 30 questions and reports on the same 100-mean scale used on every profile here, with a percentile and an ability breakdown. How we score and norm it explains the benchmarking, and average IQ by country shows how the same scale looks across populations.

Where would you
actually land?

Your score, your percentile, your ability breakdown and a printable IIF certificate.

Find your IQ score now! →
Secure & encryptedInstant results10–20 minutes